I choose to learn about and make models for the following
elements:
1-2. Neon (NE)
The atomic number for neon is 10.
The atomic mass for neon is 20.1797
(6)
Fluorine (F)
The atomic number for fluorine is 9.
The atomic mass for fluorine is 18.9984032
(5)
Potassium (K)
The atomic
number for potassium is 19.
The atomic mass for Potassium is
39.0983 (1)
3. Protons and electrons are the two subatomic particles
that are all equal in number in these models.
4. If I wanted to make an isotope with the element neon I would
add one extra neutron in the nucleus and this element would have a slightly
heavier atomic weight.
5. The volume of an atom is mostly made up of empty space.
6. Here is a picture of what happens when energy excited and electron.
7. It returns to its lowest possible energy level and is
near to the nucleus when it is returned from an excited state to a ground
state.
8. When an element is burned it gives an emission spectrum.
Since every element has different electron configurations and it is the
outermost electrons that are excited by the heat energy and then relax giving
off energy in the relaxation process each element emits light of a different
energy (therefore wavelength) and so it is a different color. For example
sodium salts give a persistent yellow flame, potassium salts a fleeting lavender
flame, and lithium salts a bright red flame. In summary these flame colors result
from the electron structures of atoms for each specific element.
9. Fireworks are made from specific compounds such as strontium
(red), copper (blue), and sodium (yellow). When the electrons of these
compounds are excited by the heat of the flame they produce color specific to
the elements and compounds found in them.
10. The periodic table is arranged in groups of metals, non-metals,
and noble gases. They are also arranged from lower number of protons to higher
number of protons. Each vertical column is a group or sometimes called families.
This means all of the elements grouped together have similar chemical
properties. A horizontal row on the
periodic table is called a period. The properties of elements vary periodically
across the period. In the United States,
the groups are often indicated by numerals followed by the letter A or B. The
letter A designates that that element is a main group element. An element
followed by a B is designated as a transitional element.
11. The information below are examples of two elements
found in each group.
- Both sodium and potassium are alkali metals.
- · Examples from the Alkaline Earth group are Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca)
- · Two examples of halogens are Fluorine and Chlorine.
- · Two examples of Nobel gases are Neon (NE) and Krypton (Kr).
- · Examples of transition metals include Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn).
- · Two examples of non-metals are Carbon (C) and Nitrogen (N2).
- · Two examples of Metalloids are Boron (B) and Silicon (Si).
